| General information |
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Scophthalmus maximus (Linnaeus, 1758) |
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| Common name | Turbot |
| Synonyms |
- |
| IUCN Red List status (2014) |
Not Reported |
| Habitat |
Saltwater |
| Systematics |
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Actinopterygii; Neopterygii; Teleostei; Neoteleostei; Acanthomorphata; Carangaria; Pleuronectiformes; Pleuronectoidei; Scophthalmidae. |
| Geographical distribution |
China; Syria; Lebanon; Turkey; Russia; New Zealand; Algeria; Morocco; UK; Germany; France; Spain; Portugal; Italy; Greece; Bulgaria; Ukraine; Norway; Sweden; Denmark; Iceland; Ireland; Finland; Belgium; Netherlands; Albania; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Croatia; Estonia; Gibraltar; Isle of Man; Latvia; Lithuania; Malta; Monaco; Montenegro; Poland; Slovenia; Tunisia |
| Occurrence |
questionable: China; native: Syria; native: Lebanon; native: Turkey; native: Russia; introduced: New Zealand; native: Algeria; native: Morocco; native: UK; native: Germany; native: France; native: Spain; native: Portugal; native: Italy; native: Greece; native: Bulgaria; native: Ukraine; native: Norway; native: Sweden; native: Denmark; native: Iceland; native: Ireland; native: Finland; native: Belgium; native: Netherlands; native: Albania; native: Bosnia and Herzegovina; native: Croatia; native: Estonia; native: Gibraltar; native: Isle of Man; native: Latvia; native: Lithuania; native: Malta; native: Monaco; native: Montenegro; native: Poland; native: Slovenia; native: Tunisia |
| Remarks |
- |
| Karyological information |
| Record 1 |
| Geographical area of study |
Northwestern, Spain. |
| Source of chromosomes |
Lymphocyte cultures, kidney and peripheral blood. |
| Number of specimens with sex |
34 |
| Diploid chromosome number |
44 |
| Karyotype formula |
4m+2sm/st+10st+28a |
| Fundamental arm number |
48 |
| Chromosome length |
- |
| Sex chromosome |
No sex-specific heteromorphism in male and female karyotypes. |
| Chromosome staining/banding/FISH |
Ag-NORs, localized in short arm of chromosome pair no. 3, also showed C-band (entire short arm) and chromomycin A3-positive staining. C-bands mainly located at the centromeres, especially in metacentric and several subtelocentric pairs, but also present in some interstitial (Pairs 4, 5, 6, 7, 15) and telomeric (pairs 4, 8, 15) locations. Restriction enzymes (AluI and DdeI) banding produced dark bands, similar to C-banding, in the centromeres of several metacentric and subtelocentric pairs. |
| Reference |
Bouza C, Sanchez L, Martinez P (1994). Karotypic characterization of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) with conventional, fluorochrome and restriction endonuclease-banding techniques. Marine Biology, 120: 609-613. |
| Record 2 |
| Geographical area of study |
Northwestern (Barra, Vigo, Meloxo), Spain. |
| Source of chromosomes |
Lymphocyte cultures and dividing cells of kidney and peripheral blood. |
| Number of specimens with sex |
34 |
| Diploid chromosome number |
44 |
| Karyotype formula |
4m+2sm/st+10st+28a |
| Fundamental arm number |
48 |
| Chromosome length |
- |
| Sex chromosome |
No sex-specific heteromorphism in karyotype. |
| Chromosome staining/banding/FISH |
Constitutive heterochromatin mainly located at centromeres, especially in metacentric and several subtelocentric pairs. Ag-NOR localized on short arms of chromosome pair 3. NORs were C-positive and exhibit bright CMA3 staining. |
| Reference |
Bouza C, Sanchez L, Martfnez P (1994). Karotypic characterization of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) with conventional, fluorochrome and restriction endonuclease banding techniques. Marine Biology, 120: 609-613. |
| Cross Link |